Lattice degeneration refers to thinning of the peripheral retina and is seen in approximately 10% of the population. It is often-but not always-present in individuals who are nearsighted (myopic).

An easier way to understand lattice degeneration is to imagine the retina as wallpaper lining the inside of a room. In people with myopia, the eye is longer than average, and the wallpaper (retina) becomes stretched in the periphery, leading to the characteristic lattice-like appearance. The term “lattice degeneration” comes from the presence of thin, white, crisscrossing lines that represent areas of retinal thinning and scarring.

As we age, the clear, gel-like substance that fills the eye, the vitreous, begins to liquefy and eventually separates from the retina. In eyes with lattice degeneration, the vitreous may be abnormally adherent to certain areas of the retina. When it pulls away, this can create traction that leads to retinal tears or holes. These openings can allow fluid to collect beneath the retina, potentially resulting in a retinal detachment.

Fortunately, most people with lattice degeneration do not develop a retinal detachment. Preventive laser treatment is rarely necessary, but regular monitoring is important. If you have a history of lattice degeneration, you should be familiar with the warning signs of retinal tears, such as sudden flashes of light or new floaters, and signs of retinal detachment, like a shadow or curtain affecting your peripheral vision. If you experience any of these symptoms, you should contact your eye doctor immediately.